This model represents a bifurcating compliant bronchiole that could be used as a building block for constructing a network of bronchi.
Description
This model represents a bifurcating compliant bronchiole that could be used as a building block for constructing a network of bronchi. The resistance offered by bronchial wall to the flow of air is represented by the resistor in the electrical circuit.The compliance of the bronchiole is represented by the capacitor. All the three bronchi have separate compliances which are represented by three individual capacitors. The difference between this model the compliant bifurcating airway model is the absence of an inductor in the electrical circuit. In bronchi, diffusion dominates conductance whereas in airway, conductance dominates as the driving force and hence the presence of the inductance which represent the inertial effect.
Finlet: Inlet Flow, P: Pressure, R: Resistance, F: Flow, Com: Compliance, V: Volume.
Equations
Pinlet - P12 = Finlet * R11 P12 = (V1 - V1_0)/Com1 F12 = Finlet - F13 d(V1)/dt = F12 P12 - P13 = F13 * R12 F13 = F31 + F21 P13 - P22 = F21 * R21 P13 - P32 = F31 * R31 P22 = (V2 - V2_0)/Com2 F22 = F21 - F23 d(V2)/dt = F22 P22 - P23 = F23 * R22 P32 = (V3 - V3_0)/Com3 P32 - P33 = F33 * R32 d(V3)/dt = F32 F32 = F31 - F33 Where: P is pressure, F is flow, R is resistance, Com is capacitance, and V is the volume.
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K. R. Lutchen and G. M. Saidel, "Estimation of mechanical parameters in multicompartment
models applied to normal and obstructed lungs during tidal breathing",
IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng., vol. BME-33, no. 9, pp. 878-887, Sept. 1986.
Fung Y.C: Biomechanics (Text Book)
Please cite https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/physiome in any publication for which this software is used and send one reprint to the address given below:
The National Simulation Resource, Director J. B. Bassingthwaighte, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-5061.
Model development and archiving support at https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/physiome provided by the following grants: NIH U01HL122199 Analyzing the Cardiac Power Grid, 09/15/2015 - 05/31/2020, NIH/NIBIB BE08407 Software Integration, JSim and SBW 6/1/09-5/31/13; NIH/NHLBI T15 HL88516-01 Modeling for Heart, Lung and Blood: From Cell to Organ, 4/1/07-3/31/11; NSF BES-0506477 Adaptive Multi-Scale Model Simulation, 8/15/05-7/31/08; NIH/NHLBI R01 HL073598 Core 3: 3D Imaging and Computer Modeling of the Respiratory Tract, 9/1/04-8/31/09; as well as prior support from NIH/NCRR P41 RR01243 Simulation Resource in Circulatory Mass Transport and Exchange, 12/1/1980-11/30/01 and NIH/NIBIB R01 EB001973 JSim: A Simulation Analysis Platform, 3/1/02-2/28/07.