BronchBronchiolAlv | Interagency Modeling and Analysis Group

Model number

0006

This model represents airway with one bronchus, one bronchiole, and an alveolus.

Description

This model represents airway with one bronchus,one bronchiole, and one alveolus. The bronchus has largest resistance and smallest compliance. The bronchiole has smaller resistance and larger compliance than bronchus. The alveolus has the smallest resistance and largest compliance. Air flow is driven by a positive pressure ventilator.

Equations

BronchBronchiolAlv_pic1

$e0$

$e1$

$e2$

$e3$

$e4$

$e5$

$e6$

$e7$

$e8$

$e9$

where P_mouth is the pressure at the mouth; P _scalar multiplies P_drive, a function representing inhalation pressure; P_bronch, P_bonchiol and P_alv are the pressure in the bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus; F_mouth, F_bronch,F_bronchiol,and F_alv are the air flow at the mouth, bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus; R_bronch, R_bonchiol and R_alv are the resistances of the bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus to the air flow; Com_bronch, Com_bonchiol and Com_alv are the compliances of the bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus; and V_bronchi, V_bonchiol and V_alv are the volumes of air in the the bronchus, bronchiole, and alveolus.

The equations for this model may be viewed by running the JSim model applet and clicking on the Source tab at the bottom left of JSim's Run Time graphical user interface. The equations are written in JSim's Mathematical Modeling Language (MML). See the Introduction to MML and the MML Reference Manual. Additional documentation for MML can be found by using the search option at the Physiome home page.

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References

 M.G. Levitsky, Pulmonary Physiology, Sixth Edition, McGraw Hill, 2003.

 V.C. Rideout, Mathematical and Computer Modeling of Physiological Systems,
Prentice Hall, 1991, p137-143

Related Models

Key terms

lung compliance

resistance

RC circuit

lung mechanics

airflow in bronchus

tidal volume

positive pressure ventilation

airway

PV curves

bronchus

bronchiole

alveolus

Acknowledgements

Please cite https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/physiome in any publication for which this software is used and send one reprint to the address given below:
The National Simulation Resource, Director J. B. Bassingthwaighte, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle WA 98195-5061.

Model development and archiving support at https://www.imagwiki.nibib.nih.gov/physiome provided by the following grants: NIH U01HL122199 Analyzing the Cardiac Power Grid, 09/15/2015 - 05/31/2020, NIH/NIBIB BE08407 Software Integration, JSim and SBW 6/1/09-5/31/13; NIH/NHLBI T15 HL88516-01 Modeling for Heart, Lung and Blood: From Cell to Organ, 4/1/07-3/31/11; NSF BES-0506477 Adaptive Multi-Scale Model Simulation, 8/15/05-7/31/08; NIH/NHLBI R01 HL073598 Core 3: 3D Imaging and Computer Modeling of the Respiratory Tract, 9/1/04-8/31/09; as well as prior support from NIH/NCRR P41 RR01243 Simulation Resource in Circulatory Mass Transport and Exchange, 12/1/1980-11/30/01 and NIH/NIBIB R01 EB001973 JSim: A Simulation Analysis Platform, 3/1/02-2/28/07.